The Need-to-Know about Homeschool Law in Your State
What Every Parent Needs to Check Before They Start
Imagine this: You've spent weeks crafting the perfect hands-on history lesson, complete with homemade costumes, and a miniature Roman fort in your living room. Then, a letter arrives from the state, requesting... attendance records? A grade book? Suddenly, the joy of learning feels a little less... joyful.
Homeschooling freedom – it's one of the biggest draws. But even the most independent-minded homeschooler has to navigate the legal landscape. If you're homeschooling (or about to start), you've probably realized that the government does have a few opinions (and sometimes, a lot of paperwork) about how this whole 'teaching your own children' thing should work. It can feel overwhelming, but it doesn't have to be.
Some states are hands-off, trusting parents to educate their kids without interference (Alaska, Oklahoma, Idaho, etc.). Others (Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, etc.) seem convinced that if they don’t check in regularly, you’ll forget about math entirely and your kids will somehow revert to a pre-civilized state. My approach at TimeTrek Learning is about balance – strong academics, yes, but also fostering creativity and independent thinking. Of course, no matter where you are, you have to consider your state’s regulations and find a balance of doing what it is you want to do while also maintaining compliance with the state regulations.
Since every state plays by its own rulebook, it’s important to check the homeschooling laws where you live - even if you’ve been homeschooling for years. Policies can change, and the last thing you want is to find out mid-year that you were supposed to submit an attendance report or submit samples of your child’s old work that you just tossed last week.
What You Need to Check
Do You Have to Notify the State?
Some states require a formal letter of intent before you begin homeschooling.Are There Parent Qualifications?
Most states don’t care about your degrees or fancy certificates, but a few require a high school diploma or GED. (I feel like if you brought your children into this world and survived toddler snack wars, you're probably overqualified, but go ahead and check anyway.)Curriculum and Subject Requirements
Some states let you choose your own path, while others want proof that your child is learning specific subjects (math, reading, history, science, and often, civics or good citizenship). If your state has subject requirements, make sure you’re covering them – even if your homeschool approach leans heavily toward hands-on, real-world learning. You can absolutely meet state standards while still doing your little backyard historical reenactments!Record Keeping
This is where states really vary. Some require detailed attendance logs, portfolios, or progress reports. Others don’t ask for anything. If your state expects documentation, make sure you’re tracking what’s needed (and storing it somewhere safe, because nobody wants to be scrambling for paperwork if the state asks for it).Assessments and Testing
Some states require standardized testing or an annual evaluation by a certified teacher. Others take a more relaxed approach and assume that if your kid can successfully explain photosynthesis at the dinner table, they’re probably learning.Compulsory School Age
The required age for formal education varies by state. Most start at 6 or 7, but a handful require school at age 5. States also have an upper age limit, typically between 16 and 18, when compulsory education ends. This age and any exceptions are also determined by state law. If you’re planning on homeschooling, better to check early!
“Equivalent Education" Requirements
Many states require that your homeschooling provides an education 'equivalent' to what is offered in public schools. This is often loosely defined, but it's a critical point to understand. It usually doesn't mean you have to replicate the public school curriculum or use the same textbooks. It generally means demonstrating that your child is making progress in the same core academic areas. Think of it as a broad standard, not a rigid prescription unless they explicitly say so. The key is to understand your state's interpretation of 'equivalent.' Do they focus on standardized test scores? A portfolio of your child’s work? A simple affidavit or declaration?
Where to Find Reliable Information
The Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA) is a great starting point for state-by-state homeschooling laws. They keep things updated on their website and provide helpful summaries. However, remember they are an advocacy group, so it's crucial to double-check their information with your state's Department of Education website. The official state website is your ultimate source of the most current guidelines.
Local homeschooling groups and state associations are also fantastic resources. They can provide not only the letter of the law but also the spirit of how it's enforced. Your locals have hands-on experience with what specific documentation is typically required (and what's overkill), how to (and how not to) prepare for any required evals, navigating interactions with local school officials, and connecting with other local families. When in doubt, ask those our there with you in the field!
Making it work for your family / Why it Matters
Even the most organized homeschooler needs to check state laws now and then. Some states tweak their reporting requirements, adjust testing policies, or redefine what qualifies as "acceptable" documentation. A quick yearly check ensures you’re not caught off guard.
And if you don’t like all the regulations? The best way to keep government oversight out of your homeschool is to keep your homeschool out of government hands. That means avoiding state funding, skipping homeschool tax breaks, and thinking twice before supporting school choice bills that expand state control over education. More funding always comes with more strings - something homeschoolers have fought to avoid for decades. Read more on my take on this here ↓
Homeschooling works best when parents, not bureaucrats, are in charge. Stay informed, stay independent, and keep homeschooling free.
Happy homeschooling!
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This is where I share general insights and strategies from my own family’s experience and from working with other homeschoolers – all with a focus on building strong foundations and fostering a love of learning. Every child’s journey looks different, but these principles can apply across the board. If you’d like to see more, follow along on 𝕏 TimeTrekFam for daily updates and general shenanigans and click below to subscribe for free on Substack for the real content!
Resources you may find helpful:
Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA) - Find Your State Homeschool Law
[Your State] Department of Education - Homeschooling Section
[Your State] Homeschool Association (For example, The Texas Home School Coalition)
Local Homeschooling Groups (Search online for groups in your area - you may find some luck in Facebook groups)
Disclaimer: This blog post is intended for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The content shared here reflects general principles and should not be applied to specific situations without consulting with a qualified legal professional. Homeschooling laws are complex and vary significantly by state.